composition

an artist’s arrangement of formal elements (line, shape, color, etc.) in a single work.

element

a component part of a complex whole.

figure

an artificial representation of the human form.

foreground

the area of a picture, usually at the bottom of the picture plane (the flat surface of drawing or painting [or photograph] that appears nearest to the viewer.

background

the ground or surface lying at the back of or behind the chief objects of contemplation, which occupy the foreground.

middle ground

the part midway between the foreground and the remote region.

genre

a category of pictorial art representing scenes from everyday life.

juxtaposition

the action of placing two or more things close together or side by side, or one thing with or beside another; the condition of being so placed.

landscape

a pictorial representation of natural scenery (AAT)

line

a stroke or mark, long in proportion to its breadth, traced with a pen, a tool, etc., upon a surface; collectively, the character of draughtsmanship, method of rendering form; outline, lineament.

medium

the material with which the artist works.

perspective

the appearance of objects in depth as perceived by normal, binocular vision; the technique of representing three –dimensional objects and depth relationships on a two-dimensional surface.

point of view

the position from which something is observed or considered; standpoint.

portrait

a visual representation of a specific person, a likeness.

scale

relative or proportionate size or extent; degree, proportion.

syntax

orderly or systematic arrangement of parts or elements; a connected order or system of things (obs.) OED

still-life

a picture consisting principally of inanimate objects (e.g. fruit, flowers, pottery, game, books, a skull).

style

the combination of distinctive features of literary or artistic expression, execution, or performance characterizing a particular person, group, school, or era; mode; fashion.